Sciatica
Sciatica is pain that radiates along the sciatic nerve, from the low back through the hip and buttock and down the leg. It is usually a symptom of an underlying problem pressing on or irritating the nerve, most often in the lower spine.
Symptoms
- Burning, shooting, or electric-shock pain down one leg
- Numbness, tingling, or "pins and needles" in the leg or foot
- Weakness in the leg or foot
- Pain that worsens with sitting, coughing, or sneezing
Causes
The most common cause is a herniated disc pressing on a nerve root, but sciatica can also come from spinal stenosis, degenerative disc disease, or a narrowing where the nerve exits the spine. Less often, muscle spasm or a bone spur is involved.
How it's diagnosed
Diagnosis starts with your history and a physical exam that tests strength, reflexes, and which movements reproduce the pain. Imaging such as an MRI may be used to confirm the source and guide treatment.
How we treat it
Most sciatica improves with time, activity modification, physical therapy, and medication. When pain persists, image-guided injections can calm the inflamed nerve and confirm the pain source.
When to see a physician
Seek prompt care for progressive leg weakness, or urgent care for loss of bladder or bowel control or numbness in the groin, these are rare but serious.
Common questions
How long does sciatica last?
Many cases ease within a few weeks with conservative care. When pain lasts longer or keeps returning, image-guided treatment can help identify and calm the source.
Is sciatica the same as a herniated disc?
No, a herniated disc is one common cause of sciatica, but sciatica is the symptom (nerve pain down the leg), not the diagnosis itself.
This page is general information, not medical advice, and does not create a physician-patient relationship. Your physician will recommend what's right for you.
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